Supply Chain of Adidas

The adidas Group has outsourced most of its production. We work with more than 1,200 independent factories from around the world that manufacture our products in 63 countries. The most dominant sourcing locations are: China, India, Indonesia and Vietnam. Our supply chain is global and multi-layered, with many different types of business partners, some of who are directly contracted factories, and others who are not. In 2011, the top five countries per region by number of supplier sites were: * The Americas: United States, Brazil, Canada, Argentina and Mexico * Asia: China, India, Indonesia, Vietnam and Japan EMEA: Germany, Italy, United Kingdom, Turkey and Spain Our influence in terms of social and environmental compliance is linked to the strength of our partnerships, and is often proportional to the scale and stability of the orders placed with our suppliers. DIFFERENT SOURCING RELATIONSHIPS Direct sourcing model The adidas Group holds direct contractual relationships with its core suppliers who are centrally supervised by Global Operations.Global Operations manages product development, commercialisation, distribution, and supervision of the manufacture of apparel, footwear and accessories for the adidas, Reebok and TaylorMade-adidas Golf segments. These suppliers produce the predominant share of the total sourcing volume of the Group. Indirect sourcing model The other part of our product volume is sourced by agents or is made under licence. Agents place orders with their preferred suppliers. Licensees may either place orders directly with their suppliers or use agents as intermediaries.Our indirect supply chain complements our direct sourcing by meeting specific requirements that cannot be serviced through Global Operations. Local market production In order to quickly seize short-term opportunities in their local markets, to satisfy a niche market requirement, or in some cases to react to certain trade regulations, adidas Group subsidiaries may also source f rom local suppliers that are not overseen by Global Operations; these suppliers do require our authorisation for production.The adidas Group is one of the very few companies in the industry that has fully disclosed its global supplier list, and that list can be downloaded from this website. TYPES OF SUPPLIERS Our suppliers fall into five broad categories: * Main suppliers. They have a direct contractual relationship with the adidas Group for the supply of products, whether for export or domestic market consumption. * Subcontractors. These are factories that have been subcontracted by our suppliers to perform manufacturing operations the main suppliers are not capable of doing in their own facility. * Material and other service providers.These suppliers may not have a direct business relationship with the adidas Group, but supply goods and services to our main suppliers. * Licensees. Independent companies which manage the design, production and distribution of specific products, unde r licence to the adidas Group. In 2011, the adidas Group worked with 44 licensees whose suppliers sourced products from 269 factories in 45 countries. * Agents. Independent companies that act as intermediaries to source product manufacturing, manage the manufacturing processes, and sell finished products to the Group. * Adidas Supply Chain * Threat of Substitute Products or Services

Abortion: How Do Philippines Deals with This Issues Essay

Sencia was a hilot (local midwife) outside of Cebu City, Philippines until 4 months ago. After performing a â€Å"massage† on a pregnant woman in her village, causing her to miscarry her baby, she was put in jail. She wasn’t jailed for malpractice; she was convicted of inducing an abortion. The formerly pregnant woman was also imprisoned. Predominantly Catholic, the Philippine Islands have banned all abortion, except that which saves the life of the mother. Yet there are an average of 470,000 abortions induced annually. Filipinas do not have the same socio-political climate as we do in the United States. There is no taxi service to public abortion clinics, judicial waivers, or counseling sessions. If you are caught having an abortion in the Philippines, it’s against the law and you are thrown in jail – plain and simple. See more:  The 3 Types of Satire Essay Of the women who are successful in inducing their own abortions, many go to great – and often grotesque – lengths to achieve their goal. Most of them take some form of anti-clotting or aspirin-related drugs, to induce bleeding. Some drink incredible quantities of alcohol. When all else fails, they throw themselves down flights of stairs or beat on their stomachs, with the â€Å"help† of a local midwife†¦ others self-catheter their vaginas. All of these violent practices greatly endanger the mother as well; it’s shocking that a woman would harm herself like that for an abortion. I’m not detailing this because I think pregnant Filipinas should have it cushy like we do in the States. No way! I believe just the opposite: The Unites States needs to outlaw abortion, now. I’m amazed at how desperate we are, as a civilization, to kill unborn babies and end inconvenient pregnancies. It is stunning that the world feels so entitled to its desires and personal gain that we have huge social movements trying to protect murder on demand. Think hard about that. Murder on demand – on a worldwide scale. http://www.bellaonline.com/articles/art52823.asp

Analyse the Role and Impact of Fiscal Policy

Traditionally, the Australian government has attempted to achieve its economic objectives through the implementation of macroeconomic policies especially fiscal policy (the budget). Fiscal policy (FP) is a macroeconomic management policy as it plays a critical role in influencing the level of aggregate demand (AD) in the economy. It aids the government in achieving its economic objectives, of managing and stabilising the business cycle so that the economy experiences internal balance (price stability & full employment), external stability (management of CAD, financing import expenses with export income and the ability to service our debt) and relatively stable economic growth. Graph Fiscal policy deals with the government’s use of government expenditure (G) and taxation (T) i. . the budget outcome to influence (AD) and resource allocation and income distribution. Fiscal policy is all about budgetary outcomes as they give an indication on the state of the economy; the 3 outcomes are neutral, expansionary and the government’s current contractionary stance where government revenue is greater than expenditure. A contractionary stance may be used to slow the rate of economic growth and aid in reducing inflationary pressures. Within the budget there is a cyclical and a structural component. The structural discretionary component is the deliberate change to government revenue and taxation and the cyclical non-discretionary component involves the changes to government spending caused by changes in economic activity. The budget has deteriorated significantly on the back of a strong Australian dollar (AUD), falling terms of trade, plateauing of the mining boom and subdued consumer confidence resulting in a budget deficit of $19. b for 2012-13 and is forecasted for a deficit of $18b for 2013-14. The first economic objective is economic growth which aims to increase real income and spread the benefits of the mining boom and increase income distribution. In this budget the government has taken up a mildly contractionary stance delaying its short term goal of a budget surplus as it balances its commitment to fiscal consolidation against possible weaknesses in economic activity, increased unemployment and a lack o f investment and growth. This stance allows the government to gradually service’s its debt and return to surplus by 2016-17 as it realises slowdowns in the economy as the mining boom has moved of its peak and has plateaued along with commodity prices. The end of the mining boom will see Australia move from mining back to the services sector where around 75% of labour is employed, this transition will see E. G grow below trend (3-4%) at 2. 75% in 2013-14 before returning to 3% by 2014-15. To ensure long term sustainable E. G the government will implemented key structural reforms like ‘GONSKI’ ($9. 8b), ‘NBN’ ($37. 4b), ‘NDIS’ ($14. 3b) and the National Building Program (NBP $24b). They aim to improve the nation’s productive capacity by boosting human capital, infrastructure capacity, labour productivity levels and reduce capacity constraints restraining allowing Australia to capitalise on growth in Asia. To fund these reforms the government has found $43b in savings over the next 4years and they include the abolition of the baby bonus ($4. b), increase in the Medicare levy ($11. 8b) and deferring income tax cuts ($1. 5b). By abolishing the baby bonus and the family tax benefits in the short run it leads to income inequality and a lower standard of living. Internal balance is another economic objective which looks at price stability by maintaining low inflationary pressures ensuring sustainable economic growth and full employment of the factors of production especially labour. The government’s planned return to surplus by 2016-17 can be achieved by adopting a contractionary stance by reducing (G) in (AD). By reducing (G) it helps keep demand pull inflation down keeping to the RBA’s target band of 3-4%, low inflation is beneficial for our external balance especially exports and also keeps E. G at sustainable levels. Two major government reforms are GONSKI which aims to improve educational and human capital levels and NDIS which looks to return the disabled into the workforce to increase employment levels. A gov’t instrument used to control internal balance and smooth out fluctuations in the business cycle are automatic stabilisers which are a cyclical component as it’s used according to various economic conditions. The two auto-stabilisers are progressive taxation meaning that when workers start earning more they move into higher tax brackets paying more tax and welfare payments which are handed out to the unemployed to help stimulate growth during a downturn in the business cycle, they are used to help the even distribution of income and improve our gini-coefficient. Graph The final objective is external balance which is the ability of Australia to manage the CAD by financing import costs with export revenue as well as paying off debt. As the CAD may be deemed unsustainable if it exceeds 5% of GDP which may lead to a debt trap, Australia’s debt to GDP ratio stands at 1. 3% significantly lower than other advanced nations. Australia’s persistent CAD’s is a result of our narrow export base as we as the structural problem of low domestic savings. A narrow export base contributes to our CAD as domestic industries esp. the manufacturing isn’t internationally competitive. To address this issue the government has taken to fiscal consolidation to attempt to increase national savings and reduce the savings investment gap as well as reduce inflationary pressures resulting in cheaper exports and reforms such as â€Å"NBN† and â€Å"NBP† look to reallocate resources to more efficient industries and improve out international competitiveness. These policies and reforms help increase savings and revenue hence reducing our reliance on foreign capital and investment will help reduce our foreign liabilities; however delaying the return to surplus means we have increased foreign liabilities and servicing costs. The govt’s mildly contractionary stance aims to achieve its economic objectives of sustainable growth, internal and external balances. Through new reforms they are able to boost economic activity, resource allocation and distribution of income. â€Å"GONSKI† aims at improving our nation’s productive capacity to capitalise on growth in Asia and provide long term sustainable growth. Resources reallocated into the â€Å"NBN† and â€Å"NBP† to increase productivity and international competitiveness as well as internal and external balances. The â€Å"NDIS† funded by the increased Medicare levy is an example of distribution of income. By delaying the return to surplus it doesn’t stall the economy as it goes through a transition period from mining to services, although the unemployment rate has risen to 5. 8% it still remains at low. However it does mean an increased CAD and external balance. So the 2013-14 budget has been effective in achieving the government’s economic objective.

Business Plan of photgraphy Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Business Plan of photgraphy - Essay Example Prices may vary from to time, though. I aim to take Viral Images to the next level. My goal for 5-year operation is to compete with major photography Studios in Houston. In order to achieve that, I am pushing Viral Images to a corporate status in the near future. I want to make connections with my friends on the photography school. I am sure my passion for photography will take me to the peak of my goals. Capital is vital. I am taking the major part of my finances from my savings. I am also granted a loan from a commercial bank in Houston because my feasibility study has convinced the loan and credit department that my plan will be successful and lucrative in few years’ time as forecasted. Photography business has been a source of income for some people who have the resources to build photography schools and studios – most of them are partnerships and corporations. Taking photographs and processing quality pictures are in demand services in Houston. In my case, I love to work for wedding and portraits – simply creative stuff that makes my life kicking. There is more complexity in the industry as a whole that’s why I am breaking every integral part into pieces simplified for a sole ownership and operation in the meantime. I am a professional photographer myself that’s why I am confident to take the risk to make a name in the industry. The competition is stiff but my unique and practical approaches will make me thrive in the market. Nevertheless, I am not competing big names – I am making my own and paving my own path towards photography. Giving importance to the structure and organization of my photography business can help me achieve my goals in no time. The chart below gives enough details with the organizational structure of my photography business: Viral Images is a sole proprietorship business but as forecasted in the near future – I am pushing my business endeavor to a corporate

Visit a community agency or family support services Essay

Visit a community agency or family support services - Essay Example As far as this local community agency is concerned, it is being run by an elderly gentleman who believes in the premise of imparting services to the people who deserve them the most. I was astounded to know that he collected donations from people through his own efforts and did not have any proper funding mechanisms in place. This made his place within my heart even more because he was doing all this out of his own hard work and commitment (Dror, 2002). I understood that this gentleman derived the funds for the local community agency through donations since he visited different schools, colleges and universities to ask the students and teachers for the funding. He also visited people who were of repute and had a certain standing within the society. I am of the view that this money was being used in a very corrective fashion since he gained due insight at using the funds and thus knew how to turn little amount of resources into solid results. What is even more interesting is the fact that the local community agency is being run by a complete management committee which reports to the director (the gentleman under question). This management committee makes sure that the different processes and activities are being solicited and run in an amicable fashion so that there are no apprehensions as such, and the end results are very positive from the long term scheme of things. My mind opened up when I saw a small place turning dreams into realities (Crichton, 1997). I envisioned how success could be reached upon if there is good will and determination applied to the same. This gave me comprehension that I can work there and learn the true essence of life as it was important for me as far as the future domains were concerned. The observations and analysis of this local community agency are important to list here. Patients had a very positive outlook for the local community agency and they came to it with the hope that either they will recover or their family members woul d see the light of the day at the earliest possible moment. They had inkling and a ray of hope that the local community agency would help solve their problems and would in essence offer them a cost-effective and even a free solution to make sure that their issues get resolved. They would be relieved of their ailments and illnesses which were plaguing them as I personally contacted one of the patients who had come to the local community agency. She told me that she and her entire family had been visiting the local community agency for the last 2 years as this was the most affordable local community agency in the whole area. She told me she did not have enough money on her to pay for the rising medical costs of the time. I also analyzed that the courteous behavior of the medical staff was something that worked very well with the people who had visited the local community agency. The patients and their accompanying guests were grateful that the local community agency’s medical s taff had a positive mindset and that they looked after them in a very hospitable way (Dawkins, 2007). I am glad that I visited this local community agency to gain a good amount of understanding because it created empathy within my personality and told me how I could be accountable for my actions and behaviors if seen from a very moral perspective. I am happy that I learned all this stuff very quickly and

Psychology Mental illness Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 4500 words

Psychology Mental illness - Assignment Example It has been the endeavour of all nations and societies to get rid of all kinds of abnormalities. Why they exist nobody knows. It has also been observed that some kind of abnormalities tend to be restricted to a particular region of the world. Abnormalities are normally associated with a kind of behaviour that is out of ordinary though not necessarily dysfunctional. Its causes are generally attributed to an out-of-ordinary working of certain areas of the brain. It still hasn’t been ascertained as to what leads to dysfunctional behaviour of certain areas of the brain. Sometimes it could be because of brain damage which usually happens when the person meets with an accident or something like that and at other times affliction of certain regions of the brain could be the result of some other medical condition that the person may be suffering from. There are some cultures that attribute a certain abnormality to the handiwork of the ‘devil’ within that person. Such supe rstitious beliefs have even led to the incarceration of many abnormal people! It’s important that society be considerate and encourage such individuals to consult a medical practitioner. There is no general consensus as to what abnormality actually constitutes. Perceptions vary depending upon the nation or culture under consideration. Abnormal people tend to display odd behaviour. There is cause for concern when this kind of odd behaviour is socially unacceptable; but at the same time, â€Å"new research in individuals with schizotypal personalities - people characterized by odd behavior and language but who are not psychotic or schizophrenic - offers the first neurological evidence these individuals are more creative than normal or fully schizophrenic people, and rely more heavily on the right sides of their brains than the general population to access their creativity.† This was stated on the basis of a study conducted by two Vanderbilt psychologists Brad Folley and Sohee Park. (â€Å"Odd behavior and creativity may go hand-in-hand†, Machine Design, pg 77) ). The latter kind of abnormality is usually considered by society as an inherent trait of individuals who are high-performing and highly creative. It’s the former kind that usually warrants treatment and medication. For example, a child who refuses to mix up with people, instead choosing to shut himself in his room would be considered abnormal. There is a high probability of him getting castigated by society which in turn can lead to depression and other complications as well. Yet another example of abnormal behaviour is one where a teenaged boy indulges in explicit talk about his sexual fantasies and tending to neglect his studies altogether. Surely these kind of individuals need to be counselled. In most cases abnormal behaviour can be the result of some kind of inner turmoil that an individual might be facing. One problem with the diagnosis of mental disorders is â€Å"the prevalence of diagnoses by gender, sex bias in diagnosis, the problematic impact of particular diagnoses on women, and the relationship of diagnosis to socialization and social conditions.† (Gender and Diagnosis: Struggles and Suggestions for Counselors, JCD, pg 12) Feminists have stated that â€Å"diagnoses like nymphomania, hysteria, neurasthenia, erotomania, kleptomania, and masochism have served to enforce conformity to norms of female domesticity, subordination, and subservience to men’

The Immortal Life of Henrietta Lacks by Rebecca Skloot Essay - 1

The Immortal Life of Henrietta Lacks by Rebecca Skloot - Essay Example The author tells how the researchers managed to discover a number of vaccines that they used to treat different diseases including polio, cancer, and other chronic diseases. In fact, the researchers are making billions of dollars from the sale of the vaccines. Nevertheless, even as the scientists make billions of dollars from the research, they do not inform Lacks that the cancer cell used in the research was taken from her body. Neither do they inform her that it is because of the cell taken from her that they are making billions of dollars. In fact, the researchers kept the secrecy of the origin of the cancer cell by adopting the name "Hela" to ensure that the poor Lacks does not know that it was her cancer cell. Finally, Lacks dies of cancer for lack of enough money to receive medical attention. In this regard, Skloot is trying to tell readers how merciless and unjust the society can be (Skloot, 2011). Ethically, the scientists would be expected to obtain the informed consent of Lacks before going ahead to use her cancer cell in the research. Additionally, morally speaking, the researchers would be expected to use the money derived from the sale of the vaccines and drugs to help Lacks manage her health condition. Unfortunately, because the researchers are greedy and selfish, their main interest is to benefit from the business by making billions of dollars. The issue of gender also comes in as the researchers appear to ignore Lacks merely because she is a poor woman without a voice. In this regard, they knew that Lacks would not to do anything about her cell because she is not only poor, but also a woman. Additionally, the issue of race comes into focus as all the researchers who use Lacks cancer cell without permission are whites while Lacks is an African American woman (Skloot,

Macroeconomics Assignment Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Macroeconomics Assignment - Essay Example 7). B: i. Figure: Labor Market (Parkin, 2012, p. 22) ii. Figure 2: Effect of greater immigration on Real GDP (Parkin, 2012, p. 23) iii. Due to relaxation of immigration laws large number of immigrants enters into the country and started to work as workers in various industries of the country. This increase in the number of immigrants increases the supply of labor in various industries. This increment in the number of labor supplied increases shifts the equilibrium point in the market for labor. At the existing equilibrium real wage rate (R1), there occurs excess supply for labour which causes the real wage rate to fall in the next period. The new equilibrium is achieved with the increased level of labor employment and lower level of real wage rate in the labor market. At the new equilibrium the amount of labor employed increases from L1Â ­ from L2Â ­ and the real wage rate falls from R1 to R2. These facts are evident from Figure 1. Again this increment in the employment of labor, g iven the production technologies and equipments, increases the total amounts of output produced in each industries and hence, given the number of total population in the country the real GDP of the country rises up. With the help of relaxation of the immigration laws the absolute number of workers available to the sector of production of goods and services in the country rises up. ... These technological advancements help producers of various goods and services to use available production techniques more efficiently and the productivity of each worker increases. Hence, the production function shifts up with the result that after the introduction of better and advanced techniques of production each worker produces higher level of output with the given levels of factors of production. With the same amount of labor employed (L) the output level rises up. These facts are clear from Figure 3 (Parkin, 2012, pp. 24-25). Figure 3: Technological change and shifts in Production Function (Parkin, 2012, pp. 35-36) ii. If the total amount of labor force employed in the process of production of goods and service remain constant in the economy, then in the face of technological advancement the efficiency of production of each of the worker will increase. This is because each worker is now given a better technology to work with which will raise the amount of goods and services pr oduced by each worker per hour. Hence, in the production sector of the economy greater amounts of goods and services will be produced at each point of time, in comparison to the previous period with no technological advancement. Hence, the volume of real GDP will rise up in the economy. Also given the total number of population in the economy, the volume of real GDP per person will rise up too (Parkin, 2012, pp. 35-36). iii. After the introduction of new technology in the process of production of various goods and services the real GDP and the real GDP per person rises up. Also the productivity of each worker or laborer rises up. This increase in the productivity plays the crucial role in the process of

Critical Biodiversity Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Critical Biodiversity - Essay Example Each of these many species on earth plays a significant role in maintaining of a stable and healthy ecosystem. However, human activities have directly or indirectly led to a major loss of biodiversity and in turn raising questions as to the need of conserving species so as to maintain a stable and healthy environment. Human activities that directly affect biodiversity include deforestation, pollution and overexploitation of natural resources. Indirectly for instance, human activities have led to climate change which negatively affects other species. Since each and every species plays a significant role in maintaining a stable ecosystem, the existence of each species is vital to life. Human being cannot survive without biodiversity as we rely on it directly or indirectly (De Vere, 2008). Directly, most of the plant species are consumed as food and medicine by humans. In addition, all plants play a major role in changing carbon dioxide to oxygen which is vital for human life. Some animal species are also food to humans, and their existence means a continuous food supply. The importances of biodiversity to mankind are just a few to mention. I agree that the loss of a few species may have no profound effect on ecosystem processes, but there is a need to conserve all species for a better and stable environment. Conservation of biodiversity can include actions like restoration of ecosystems, controlled exploitation of natural resources and the requirement to conserve the species among others. In conclusion, humans need biodiversity for survival since diverse species play various roles in maintaining a stable and healthy ecosystem. As a result, they should conserve the species. I agree that just as our comprehension of social equality has expanded throughout history, our familial and social groups have grown in size. Therefore, our inclusion of the environment ought to become a part of our ethical

The Lemon Tree Dilemma Essay Example for Free

The Lemon Tree Dilemma Essay I have completed a full investigation of your organization, The Lemon Tree, regarding issues that have arisen which have caused dissonance with the equal employment opportunity laws. To begin with, there have been specific incidents that have been properly documented that have clearly violated the Title VII laws of the Civil Rights Act of 1964. Two of your managers from different departments of your corporation have infringed upon certain rights of the Title VII Civil Rights Act. To begin with, an infringement of the harassment policy under Title VII was violated by the heads of two distinct research departments. Firstly, it has been noted that the manager, Paul Peel, had harassed the employee, Peter Dragon, regarding the issue of drug use. During my investigation, I had come to realize that Mr. Peter Dragon did have past occurrences of drug use that your company had discovered via drug testing. However, I have also took into consideration that he had passed the majority of the drug tests and the ones in which he failed on were due to traces of various chemicals that Mr. Dragon was exposed to during his daily work tasks. Moreover, I have also considered the fact that your company had financially sponsored Mr. Dragon to spend time in a drug rehabilitation center to cure him of his drug addiction. Furthermore, the doctor in charge of Mr. Dragon at the rehabilitation center had advised that he had been fully cured from his addiction.

McDonalds Business Process Management

McDonalds Business Process Management To achieve the good will from the customers McDonalds has gradually expanded the variety of food and drinks provided from the original offering of burgers, drinks and fries to include breakfast, sandwiches and salad. Furthermore, to being sold as individual items, many of the products are packaged into special offers, listed as Extra value Meals. For example a big Mac is consists on the Big Mac Meal, a drink and a portion of fries one panel exhorts customers to make it large-have large fries and a large soft drink with Extra value meal. To increase the business of the company some special promotion items like ribs and Mexican chicken are also added from time to time. When the customer reaches the front of the queue of the restaurant and asked for his/her food, the counter person employs two selling techniques. The first technique is known as selling up, which involves augmenting the order, by either suggesting a larger portion or an additional item such as a drink. The technique is called suggestive selling. Here an order for a Big Mac and medium fries would be greeted by suggesting to a customer the nearest Extra value Meal alternative that would cost a little more than the original order but give better overall value. Suggestive selling aims to increase as the alternative offered includes additional items, such as drink or fries. The counter person delivered the order in to the till. for the standard items like Big Mac, chicken nuggets, cheeseburger, quarter pounder with cheese, Hamburger, vegetable Deluxe, Quorn premiere, Grilled chicken sandwich, the food would be available in the bins in the production area. The counter person then picks the food in a set sequence like cold drinks, hot drinks, fries, boxed burgers, wrapped burgers etc. McDonalds becomes the successful to achieve the positive impact from the customers because of its food quality, the hygiene standards of its outlets and the speed and style of service. Processes are designed to build in quality and then standardised; company requirements complement and exceed legal minima; training focuses on customer safety; inspections take place at critical points; traceability allows rapid response to problems; and all aspects are continually reviewed with an eye to improvement. These are the marks of excellence. Quality policies also link with others related to the environment and being a good corporate citizen. Training To fulfil the goals and objectives of the company, McDonalds give the first priority on staff training. McDonalds realises that its employees must understand their duties in order to fulfil the goals of the company. To ensure that all employees properly perform their assigned duties, McDonalds invests greatly in their training programme. The Company continue to receive prestigious awards for their leading, edge training. Including the employer of choice Award from the restaurant Business Magazine, new crew member go through a careful orientation process consisting of several videos, followed by several days of direct one-on one training by a trainer. To improve the made for you system, McDonalds presently introduced a strategy known as shift in to over drive and this strategy focuses on helping shift managers work more efficiently. All McDonalds restaurants are required to send at least one manager to participate in the new training programme (Philips, Kenney). This training focuses on the human aspects of made for you, this ensure that the system is being used as design. Since the new system requires perfect work from several people, the entire team must work together for the system to work quickly to provide food to customers. Level of Strategy Corporate: Corporate strategy concerns decisions by the business as a whole in terms of the sectors in which it wishes to compete. At this level, companies decide where to invest or divest in terms of the overall business mix they wish to develop today and in the futur.The corporate strategy of McDonalds is a single business strategy because it deals in the restaurant business. Quality management: McDonalds company integrates different quality management factors in its business process. To ensure quality McDonalds apply different strategies which include speed measurements, the five Ps (People, Product, Price, Place and promotion), employee training etc. The mission of the McDonalds Company consists of delivering operational excellence. At the heart of its effort to increase sales and profits lie policies on food and service quality designed to make the firm stand out from its competitors. While the big McDonalds is not to every ones taste, the company was cited by Fortune as the worlds most well-liked food service company. It aims for zero defects, which are to serve hot, fresh, testy food of good value to customers at every time. Nearly 45 million customers visit to the 28,000 restaurants every day. McDonalds sets exacting requirements for quality and safety. It will only use essentials whose source can be traced and which satisfy all regulations. To verify the supply chain Quality assurance staff carries out audits and site visits in different time. They also cooperate with suppliers to improve the quality of product. For instance, lard was replaced by vegetable oil in buns, fat levels in sauces were cut and saturated fats in the cooking oil were reduced. To circulate its commitment to quality among its 4,000 suppliers, the company introduced the Sweeney award in 1990. Judging takes place every two years. Criteria are based on those used for the Aldrige Award. The 2000 winner, sunny foods (Thailand), supplies chicken products to more than 200 outlets in Hong Kong. Standardisation of the product variety plays the vital role to assure quality of different items. Staff training is simplified by the limited range and process development, including the provision of computer controlled cooking facilities. To ensure cooking regularity Chicken Mc Nuggets are shaped into uniform sizes from breast and thigh meat. Like all meat chicken are traceable, in this case to their grandparents. Their food and water, medication and litter are also traceable to source. Fish products use cod whose origins can be matched to the vessel and day of catch. Boning is a matter great concern and 23 checks occur during fish product manufacture. Mc Donalds prefers to use free range eggs in the United Kingdom. Food quality and safety policies are closely linked to concerns for the environment. Pressed to improve its wasteful practices in food packaging and serving, the company works on reducing its use of materials and energy. Operations, purchasing and training policies all include a strong theme of waste reduction including distribution in reusable containers, using recyclable packaging and installing heating and lighting controls. Quality management tools and techniques to improve operations The quality of the services and products provided by a business is an important concern to the company and its customers. While the cost of quality calamities can be high in themselves, customers confidence in the level of quality will have a significant impact on a companys overall prosperity in terms of future levels of demand and the long term success of the business. Employees of McDonalds are well trained to prepare and present meals according to very specific procedures that are strictly enforced. For eg., a ten-minute holding time for sandwiches ensures maximum quality and freshness to each customer. McDonalds even designs our restaurants to meet the ultimate in hygiene specifications , including hand-washing procedures. Likewise, staffs of McDonalds are also trained to maintain the right procedures, food quality and safety, especially in the preparation and handling of raw and cooked products. Four key points for the quality management of McDonalds are given below: Meet customer requirements: The core of quality conformance Error-free work: Only on standard to aim for- to be right first time every time. Manage by prevention: Adopting a proactive approach to managing quality leads to prevention rather than the detection of faulty work. Measure by the cost of quality: The key measure is the cost of doing business doing things right the first time reduces costs in the task of meeting customers needs and expectations. Measuring performance of operations system McDonalds claims that the quality of its products has indeed improved, waiting times in the restaurants have an average of 2 to 3 minutes per order, slow lane performance in the cut-throat fast-food business. McDonalds is also trying to improve its image and reputation through involvement and sustained investment in projects like sports coaching and its commitment to social responsibility. In the case of operations strategy McDonalds Company take a resources view. McDonalds work in almost every significant economy of the world, but maintain practically the same format for operations. Numbers of McDonalds restaurant in UK are growing rapidly.McDonalds drives 80 percent of its revenues from eight countries like UK, Japan, Canada, France,Germany, Brazil, US and Australia.Technological, Structural and Financial resources are the best market positions which help for sustainable competitive advantages. The Company started to focus on its greatest advantages after 2003. The given graph show s the rate of McDonalds restaurant growth in the UK. McDonalds is famous for its lean operations to provide capacity, tight portion control and fast service. But the drive to reduce cost is not only limited to its core tasks. By analysing electricity costs on a half-hourly basis, reviewing this provision and pro activity seeking alternative suppliers, McDonalds has cut  £14 million from its  £18 million electricity bill for England and Wales. A separate deal for Scotland has lead to saving of more than 30 percent (www.mcdonalds.com).McDonalds 600-plus suppliers are independent Companies with whom long-term relationships have been developed. This strategy is intended to improve McDonalds ability to focus its efforts on its core business- restaurant operations. Most suppliers operate on a cost-plus basis. To discuss the needs of suppliers McDonalds often holds seminars and conferences Conclusion McDonalds posses good information about market and knows a great deal about the common attributes of its most valued customers. There is high rate of franchising in fast food industry, so this sector is supposed to be one of the most challenging sectors to operate in. McDonalds is trying to get good will from the customers by providing hot, fresh and testy fast food of good value to customers on every occasion. McDonalds uses four terms for their operational missions which are quality, cleanliness, service and value.Mc Donalds take a resources view of their operations strategy. They work in almost every significant economy of the world, but maintain virtually the same format for operatons. McDonalds has expanded to become one of the worlds best known brands, with leading share of the branded quick service restaurant industry. Recommendations From the above study and conclusion, I would like to suggest some recommendations for the improvement and to increase the business of McDonalds Company. Most of the staffs working in the McDonalds company are under 21 years of age The waiting time for customers is 90 seconds which is targeted by McDonalds Company, but many people are waiting for long time in the queue for their meals in busy time, so McDonalds should do the management in it. For the internal improvement of the Company, McDonalds should collect external information from its customers to find out good performance and weakness of the Company.

Impact Evaluation Of Telehealth On Patients Health Essay

Impact Evaluation Of Telehealth On Patients Health Essay This report will show how telehealth has an impact on patients but before future discussion I would like to define telehealth. Telehealth is the use of electronic information and telecommunications technologies to support long-distance clinical health care, patient and professional health-related education, public health, and health administration, and includes both the use of interactive, specialized equipment, for such purposes as health promotion, disease prevention, diagnosis, consultation, and/or therapy, and no interactive (or passive) communications, over means such as the Internet, e-mail, or fax lines, for communication of broad-based nutrition information that does not involve personalized nutrition recommendations or interventions (Busey Micheal, 2008). There are two more definitions I would like to add as following. Use of telecommunications to provide health information and services that is, a health related activity carried out at distance (Conrick , 2006). Telehealth refers to the use of telecommunication technology to remove time and distance barriers in the delivery of healthcare services (Artinian, 2007). Telehealth enables remote patient management. From many findings, study shows that patients with heart failure problem who get experience in weight increase or blood pressure would likely involve in negative medical outcomes including expensive hospitalization in later stage. But if the patients symptoms can be monitored on daily basis then disease can be diagnosed in early stages which can prevent expensive visit to hospital and patients life can be saved. Telehealth works as following. The evaluation of any information systems especially health information systems are recognized as a complex and challenging activity. There is no agreement on a best way to evaluate, on what and how to evaluate, who to involve, and within what paradigm to proceed (Klecun-Dabrowska Cornford, 2001). There are unique challenges for evaluators in telehealth services because they are not all the same and can be measured in separate and different terms. Technologies those are used in telehealth are not mature yet and some of them are still in prototyping stage. These telehealth services are developed by expert and passionate people who are working in the field of medical and other technologies which are related to telecommunication like recording, video conferencing. Strengths Telehealth has also enabled efficient distribution of information not only with the patients but also between health care providers who are divided either geographically or within the states. The Utilization this type of technology has been shown to be very cost effective and has proved in favorable health outcomes for chronically ill patients. (Fleming, 2007) Telehealth increases access to health care especially in remote areas where normal access of health care is difficult. It can act as a bridge between the patient and health provider to increase the delivery of care. One of the biggest strength of telehealth is its capability to be an extension of basic health care by enhancing access between the patient and their providers. With the help of telehealth we can have access to ultra specialized services without transferring the patient. The idea is not transferring patients if we can offer the service here. It doesnt make sense to transfer a patient only for a diagnosis when it can be done remotely (Gagnon, Duplantie, Fortin Landry, 2006). Telehealth is believed to produce significant savings for remote hospitals and for the health care system. For instance, teleconference can be used to attend administrative meetings, leading to substantial savings on travel costs. However, the redistribution of savings between organizations and levels of care is an important and complex issue (Gagnon et al, 2006). Telehealth can help to systematize on call duties on a regional level specialists like x-ray specialist. Therefore, as an alternative, sharing the responsibility for on call duties between specialists of a hospital, telehealth can allow a large number of specialist persons from different health care centers to cover whole region. According to Artinian (2007) Telehealth helps patients gain more flexibility in scheduling healthcare visits, provides easier and more convenient access to healthcare, and allows patients to have fewer time-consuming clinic visits. It also allows patients to receive care in a location that does not require the burden of transportation, and in an environment that is less threatening than a clinic or emergency department. Weaknesses There are many barriers in telehealth field. Some states do not allow its physicians to practice outside of the state without getting license from those states first. Reimbursement is also a big factor in this field as many insurers will not reimburse. According to Gustke et al (2000, as stated by Brown (2005)) fear of malpractice suites is another consideration for physicians, as is acceptance of the technology and lack of hands on interaction with patients, although most patient satisfaction studies to date find patients on the whole satisfied with long distance care. Lack of telecommunications technology is also a big problem in this field. As normal phone line can not supply high bandwidth and there are many rural areas where they do not have high speed cabling and can not get high bandwidth telecommunication for telehealth. Getting federal funds from the state is also a problem for telehealth projects. Telecommunication companies and technology manufacturers are competing with each other to produce low price tools and bandwidth needed. Need of telehealth Telehealth was developed because Challenges Telehealth has the potential to change healthcare delivery but faces many challenges in adoption. Despite the benefit of telehealth, the lack of reimbursement for telehealth is a major challenge in widespread adoption of telehealth. (Bushell, 2007 as stated by Change, 2007). With no financial incentive for healthcare providers to implement the technology, providers are likely to view telehealth as an increase in workload without a subsequent increase in pay (Bushell, 2007). The ethical issues unique to telehealth relate to the possible impact on the curing relationship which go outside the expected challenges of privacy and confidentially. The loss of touch, the potential for depersonalization, the potential for exploitation, the possible inequity when distributing the benefits of telehealth services, and the potential burden that this form of new technology may impose on sick and dying patients are some of the ethical concerns that should be considered. Future research and educational initiatives should explore areas of ethical concern that pertain to the innovative and burgeoning field of telehealth, and the potential for good and harm that may result. Potential themes include the following: à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢ Improving health care access in underserved populations à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢ Professional expectations in meeting a new, higher standard of car à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢ Telemedicine as a potential new form of access discrimination à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢ Technology as added burden for patients with chronic and terminal illness à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢ When virtual visits replace actual visits à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢ The impact of loosing touch on trust and the healing relationship à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢ The risk of exploitation when using new and expensive technology à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢ Depersonalization in the use of store and forward technology à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢ Privacy and confidentiality issues (Fleming, 2007). The use of telehealth has raised many legal issues as well like licensing, liability and reimbursement. Data security is also a big concern in telehealth. As personal data is being transferred from patient to health provider, there is possibility of loss of data or could criminal access that should be considered and prevented. (Wootton, Patil, Scott and Ho, 2009) Bandwidth is also an issue, especially when high quality images need to transfer from patient to health care provider and getting the technical support needed to make sure telehealth networks are up and running around the clock is a major challenge for rural programs or those in small hospitals and practices. (Brian, 2009) Opportunities The health sector faces two opposing demands: firstly, it should provide extended and reasonable access to high quality health care services; secondly, it should also decrease or at least control the rising costs of health care. Telehealth assures and offers the promise of giving people equal access to high quality medical health care at reasonable and affordable cost. Information and communication technology has developed very rapidly in the last few years. There has been rapid growth of the telecommunication market and very fast circulation of the internet. Many hospitals have developed information systems which help to share information between different health care providers, and now health sharing networks are being developed in many countries to share health information. Population which is increasing very rapidly with insufficient health resources has produced demands to develop telehealth and the rapid development of information and communication technology has provided the opportunities to do so. (Wootton, Patil, Scott and Ho, 2009) A telehealth consortium led by the University of California, Office of the President and the UC Davis Health System was formed to create a statewide broadband system. ATT was selected to build a secure medical-grade telecommunications system as part of the California Telehealth Network (CTN). ATT with a three year $27 million contract will provide the Network Services to support the telehealth initiative (Bloch, 2010). According to Dr. Cathryn L. Nation, University of California Associate Vice President for Health Sciences and Services, the new network is also designed to address healthcare disparities in the state since millions of Californians live in rural and other medically underserved areas in the state where disparities in care exist. CTN will improve their access to quality healthcare services (Bloch, 2010). Plans call for the network to be a peer-to-peer system enabling each member to have reliable, high quality connections with public and nonprofit healthcare providers located in both rural and urban locations. The network will also provide opportunities for continuing education and distance learning for health professionals, along with access to clinical research, and the possibility of access to commercially hosted EHR systems (Bloch, 2010). Positive Impact Telehealth provides benefits to individual patients, their family members, health care providers, community organizations, governments and health care facilities. Telehealth expands health related skills across geographic barriers using information and communication technologies (Benefits of telehealth, 2007). It improves access to health care providers for remote and rural practitioners. It also provides great access to continuing medical education. It increases access to specialty services for rural patients. Using telehealth, patients can stay in their homes or community rather than travelling to hospitals. Telehealth can be used to decrease number of cancelled appointments due to weather and travel conditions. Telehealth reduces time for investigation, diagnosis and treatment through quicker consultations and patients can get real time second opinions (Benefits of telehealth, 2007). It can reduce the cost of healthcare and increase efficiency through reduced patient and provider travel, better management of chronic diseases and fewer as well shorter hospital stays. Remote monitoring and home telehealth have been demonstrated to improve disease management and reduce re-hospitalization and emergency department visits (Benefits of telehealth, 2007). In a study that evaluated cost savings among patients using telehealth services in rural Arkansas, investigators found that without the telehealth services, 94% of patients would travel greater than 70 miles for medical care, 84% would miss 1 day of work, and 74% would spend $75 to $150 for additional family expenses. With telehealth, 92% of patients saved $32 in fuel costs, 84% saved $100 in wages, and 74% saved $75 to $150 in family expenses (Artinian, 2007). Negative Impact There are many barriers in telehealth delivery. Implementation of telehealth infrastructure can be costly, time consuming and complicated initially. There is lack of information and communication technology usage among healthcare professionals in some areas. Telehealth is a complex matter. Organizational factor is another barrier to telehealth. A change is required for doctors and how hospitals operates which could be avoided by some provided by some professionals. There could be lack of staff with appropriate skills for telehealth. A lack of financial support is a major barrier in the research and development of telehealth. Many potential projects, especially in rural areas and in the developing world have been hampered by the lack of an adequate telecommunication infrastructure. Other barriers in telehealth are the legal and ethical issues. These include licensing, privacy and confidentially (Conrick, 2006). Reimbursement or the lack of it is also a barrier for possible telehealth practitioners and there are some ethical and legal issues about telehealth that need to be resolved. Stakeholders The main objective of telehealth today is to develop next generation telehealth tools and technologies to improve delivery of health care services in underserved areas using information and communication technologies. It also helps to decrease the cost of health care services and increase access to medical related services to the public. Key drivers for these tools and technologies are the need and interest to collaborate among telehealth stakeholders, including patients, patient communities, research funders, researchers, healthcare services providers, professional societies, industry, healthcare management/economists, and healthcare policy makers (Ackerman, Filart, Burgess, Lee Poropatich, 2010). Future of telehealth Telehealth is the future of home care. By its nature, telehealth relies on technology and technology is changing very rapidly these days. If we look at the history, new technologies emerged and then used by people to send information across long distances. The high access of mobile devices and different networks on global level means that mobile technologies can be used very efficiently in healthcare field in order to compensate the lack of resources problem. With the proliferation of mobile technologies, mobile health (mHealth) will play a vital role in the rapidly growing electronic health (eHealth) area. (Vatsalan, Arunatileka, Chapman, Senaviratne, Sudahar, Wijetileka Wickramasinghe, 2010). Due to the large number of mobile technologies adoption, telehealth can play a very important role in the rapidly growing electronic health care area and in future lots of the people will be using mobile devices to monitor their health any time. The future of telehealth will give advantages greatly from this technology innovation, especially in undeserved areas and old homes. Recent trends are beginning to push the demand for and the development of new technologies specific to the individual needs of telehealth applications (Brennan, Holtz, Chumbler, Kobb Rabinowitz, 2008) It is 2014 and Mrs Smith has ongoing trouble with her high blood pressure. One morning she wakes with a headache and worries that the reservoir of her implanted drug delivery system may be running down. Her bedside ambient health orb (see www.ambientdevices.com) is a reassuring green, but she turns to her video wall and asks Cyberdoc, how are my recent blood pressure levels? The simulated voice responds Your records show that the drug reservoir needs a refill in three weeks time. Your telemetered blood pressure readings have been under control for the past month and todays figures are normal. Your implanted blood sugar sensor shows normal readings too. Do you have some symptoms that you want to discuss? Meanwhile Mrs Smiths wall graphs her recent blood pressure readings, and a list of the most common 20 symptoms affecting people of her age group in the locality. She responds, No, dont worry. Remind me to book my repeat prescription (for a refill) in two weeks, please. (Wyatt Sulliva n, 2005) Conclusion Telehealth has signification potential to address a variety of healthcare problems especially in undeserved areas. Has significant potential to address a range of healthcare problems Need to resolve ethical issues Need protection of health information and privacy rights Need for higher speed and higher capacity telecommunications Government, professional groups in healthcare, and telecommunications industry need to work together to develop some standards Next-generation telehealth tools and technologies which use internet and its robust computational resources hold big promise for improving healthcare for the persons who are living in undeserved areas Next-generation telehealth tools and technologies that utilize the Internet and its robust computational resources hold great promise for improving healthcare for medically underserved populations, increasing access to specialty services at lower cost, enhancing health literacy, and expanding the healthcare workforce through virtual education and training. Realizing these benefits will require extensive and ongoing collaboration and coordination among stakeholders across the research and healthcare ecosystem. Communication, training, cultural sensitivity, and end-user customization are critical to success. Extending the traditional point-to-point telemedicine model to include newer cell phone and Internet-based telecommunications tools that are increasingly widespread and affordable, even in rural and remote locations, will be key to putting the person in personalized medicine and making research advances available to everyone. Furthermore, we must appreciate system complexity to rea lize the benefits of telehealth as it evolves toward increasing functionality, integration, interoperability, outreach, and quality of service. The balance of benefits and risks of eHealth for individual patients and clinicians over the next two to three years is unclear. Healthcare organisations and policy makers need to consider the issues that will arise. In the long term, eHealth offers many opportunities for prevention, choice, home based care, and chronic disease management, and it will widen access to health care for most patients.We all need to join the discussion and decide what we want for the future before others, who could be guided by commercial motives rather than quality and equity, do so.

Employee Attitudes Essay -- GCSE Business Marketing Coursework

Employee Attitudes Introduction A happy worker makes for a good worker you say? Well, United Airlines had somewhat of an â€Å"all for one† employee attitude in July 1994. They announced the purchase of their own company for which they work for $5 billion through ESOP (Employee Stock Ownership Plan). So now, in the case of United Airlines, there obviously is a soar in employee productivity and spirits. Stocks have risen 120% due to this buyout (almost three times higher than the airline industry average gain). Every company or small business owner desires a positive employee attitude within his or her organization for high productivity and quality. United Airlines achieved this because the employees themselves took action, but for the majority, it is the management’s first move. Taking the Apple from the tree The Idiot’s Guide for Changing Employee Attitudes would say to pay the employee what O.J. paid his defense team. Take away the money part of a job then no one except an old volunteer worker for a Save the World Foundation or a simple dork is going to show favorable attitudes towards the job. Now let’s get real†¦but I thought that we were! Money can hypnotize some employees to become a more productive worker, but not all employees. (And even the ones that are motivated at the first glimpse of dead presidents will soon want†¦. you guessed it, more money in order to drag their lazy ass up the next step). What about Bill Gate’s techno wizards at Microsoft? What sum of money short of Bill’s own bank account is going to motivate these 30-year-old Gulfstream owners to change their snobbish attitudes? On a more practical basis, what about those employees who value intrinsic rewards over the monetary type? Not all employees will be weaned with the flash of cash. So we all must consider the fact that human beings will be consistent towards the general sense of satisfaction, but what sort of things lead to this satisfaction? What kind of satisfaction are we looking for? More so, what is going to satisfy an employee? Most of the research in the study of OB (Organizational Behavior) are concerned with job satisfaction, job involvement and organizational commitment. (Robbins, 1997) The second two attitudes, job involvement and organizational commitment, are more or less the results of job satisfaction. An employee who has a high level of job ... ...e to work for me. This was exactly the case. I hated that girl for professional and personal reasons, but couldn’t really fire her for two reasons. First, if she leaves, then he leaves. Second, she really liked the type of work she was doing for my business, and it is this second reason that I changed. Of course, if an employee likes the work that they are doing then it is an advantage to the organization, but I felt that I had to make her believe that she really didn’t like working at my store so that she leaves on her own terms. This way, I get rid of her without loosing the husband employee. To make a long story short, I don’t believe a small business should hire a married couple due to problems which can arise from personal feelings (If just one of the two employees find a disagreeable situation, then the other will be enticed to follow. Now, there is double the problem.), but in the beginning, I had no choice since she wanted to tag along. Her h usband was the prime choice for my store due to his extensive knowledge and experience in this field, and for the amount of pay that he was willing to take, I wasn’t willing to give up that opportunity. So lesson well learned.

Frankenstein Essay -- English Literature Essays

Frankenstein Frankenstein is a novel that was written by Mary Shelley. It was first published in 1818.The story was about a man named Victor Frankenstein who created a monster thatcommitted a series of murders when he was rejected by society. Mary Shelley was the author of the novel Frankenstein. She was born in August of 1797and died in February of 1857, at the age of fifty-four. In the summer of 1816, Mary stayedwith a poet named Byron. Also staying with Byron was his physician Polidori and JaneClarmont, a short story writer. Byron suggested they should all write a horror story. This iswhen the story of Victor Frankenstein occurred to Mary. She said the story was born rightout of a nightmare. At first, it was only meant to be a short story, but at the urging of herhusband, she increased the story to its present length. The novel took place in Geneva, Switzerland in the 1700s. Victor Frankenstein lived in ahouse near Lake Gevena: We possessed a house in Geneva, and a campagne on Belrive, the eas tern shore of the lake, at the distance of rather more than a league from the city. The house was near the Jura mountain range. Victor climbed the mountain when he soughtsolitude and consolation. The house itself was big and had an upstairs and downstairs. Muchof the story unfolded in this house. However, Victor Frankenstein had previously attended theUniversity of Ingolstadt for three years and this was where the monster was created. As the plot begins an Arctic explorer named...

Alcohol intoxication and edgar allan poe’s ‘the haunted palace’

It is unfair to immediately conclude something of a poem because as is normal with poetry, such is given to various interpretations.   While common interpretations of Poe’s ‘The Haunted Palace’ seem to assert confirmedly that the poem describes somebody dying with tuberculosis, this particular interpretation seems to be very faulty in many aspects because it is an interpretation that concretizes the already concrete images in the poem.In poetry, emotions and abstractions are concretized using tangible images, in which case, the interpretation of any piece of poetry should be dependent on the emotions that these concrete images convey and not on the additional concrete images that can be gleaned for the existing imagery in the poem, otherwise, this would cause ambiguity in the reading.   This is what happened with the ‘tuberculosis’ interpretation – another concrete image was read into the already concrete imagery in the poem.   It would b e wise to offer another reading of the poem, in this case, it has to be argued that instead of the tuberculosis interpretation a more accurate reading of the poem would be to consider alcohol intoxication, after all, other than just the images in the poem, the author, Poe was also given to alcoholism after the various tragedies in his life.To start this argument, it would first be best to consider why the previous interpretation of death by tuberculosis is faulty.   The reason for this faultiness is that an initial general reading of the poem was applied, and some of the finer details were disregarded in favor of the general reading.   To illustrate these further, take for instance the passage, â€Å"Through which came flowing/†¦A troop of echoes,/ whose sweet duty was but to sing† (27-30) – most readers interpret this as blood spit, however, there is nothing in these lines that present an image of one coughing out blood; these lines are more accurately alludi ng to someone who is talking gibberish, hence, the follow-up lines, â€Å"In voices of surpassing beauty,/the wit and wisdom of their king† (31-32)Most readers interpret this as being someone who is coughing up blood, but if read again carefully, the lines actually speak of someone who is incomprehensible, talking without ‘wit and wisdom’. (32)Another instance in the poem where a faulty reading is made is with the fifth stanza, this stanza is actually where the ‘haunting’ begins in the poem because this stanza talks about how the ‘monarch’ (34) dies.   There are readings of the poem that interpret this as the plague that killed the ‘monarch’ (34), however, if the lines are perused slowly, no such plague can be read into the poem.Others would argue that, â€Å"But evil things, in robes of sorrow† (33) personify the sickness of the king, but if this line is dissected it has to be noticed that what is being referred to here are ‘things’ (33), perhaps to mock the integrity of those whom this line is intended; and these ‘things’ (33) are in ‘robes of sorrow’ (33); the only ones who wore robes during the era of chivalry were knights and other nobility.These lines show how faultily the poem was interpreted by those who interpreted it as being the description of a head or someone dying with tuberculosis.Moving on, the next step would be to fortify the argument that, indeed, the poem is about drunkenness.   There are many details in the poem that point this particular subject matter out.Initially, let us consider the general theme of the poem – reading through it, it may be interpreted to be about someone who was initially a man of the people, and eventually, after succumbing to alcoholism, becomes introvert, depressed, and isolated from society.   The ‘death’ in the poem may be interpreted not as physical death but the death of a particula r aspect of a human person, such as his social affiliations, his sanity, or his soul.   This is validated in the end of the poem as will be explained in detail shortly.To begin the discussion of the poem and alcoholism, let us first consider the narrative of the poem which is shown in the first three stanzas.   In these stanzas, which are mostly descriptions of the palace, various allusions are noticed.For instance, in the second stanza, â€Å"Banners yellow, glorious, golden/on its roof did float and flow† (9-10); as opposed to the common interpretation of this being representative of the blond hair of the king in the poem, a more accurate interpretation would come from the Puritan tradition.Yellow ribbons have their origins in the English Civil War when members of the Puritan Army of English Parliament wore yellow ribbons.   This is also the origin of the ‘yellow-ribbon-tied-around-a-tree’ tradition which represents waiting for someone.Therefore, these pa ssages may just simply allude to the Puritan background of the poem, or perhaps, to the fact that the occupant of the palace is waiting for someone’s return.The parenthesized lines, â€Å"(This-all this-was in the olden/Time long ago,)† (11-12)   So, with these lines, it is easily concluded that the occupant of the palace has been waiting for someone for a very long time, which perhaps could be the reason for the development of melancholy, â€Å"Along the ramparts plumed and pallid,/A winged odor went away.†(15-16) The ‘spirits’ (14) in the third stanza do not refer to the ‘ghost’ that we might suppose them to be, but to actual persons – just as it might be used in the idiomatic expression ‘there was not a single soul in sight†.It is clear from the three stanzas of the narrative of the poem that there is nothing that talks about ‘tuberculosis’ or ‘death’.   These first three stanzas simpl y set the tone for a paradox as the poem progresses.   The poem is a mini story and as such, it has all the elements of a piece of prose, only rendered in poetry.   The images are very vivid and it is quite surprising that anyone would interpret it as something else more than just what it is actually saying.

Achievements of Alfred Hitchcock Essay

Alfred Hitchcock, born in 1899 in England, remains a prominent figure in the world of cinema. Hitchcock’s passion for film began in his childhood with his first job as writer of the title cards for silent films and, later on, becoming a director. Influenced by his Catholic upbringing, Hitchcock developed a sense of guilt and sin throughout his life with which he portrays in his work (Kehoe N. P. ). As the leading director in the 1930’s, Hitchcock set the standard for international intrigue with his classic thrillers. His mastery of suspense and his unprecedented technique still makes him one of the most popular and celebrated film directors of all time (Flint N. P. ). Alfred Hitchcock has numerous accomplishments; the most noteworthy being his films Vertigo (1958), Psycho (1960), and The Birds (1963). Alfred Hitchcock’s Vertigo (1958) raises performance to such a personal level that it addresses the nature of human personality itself (Sterritt 113). The protagonist in the film is John â€Å"Scottie† Ferguson, a former police detective, who has been forced into early retirement due to vertigo and depression. Scottie is then hired as a private investigator to follow a woman, Madeleine Elster, who had been behaving peculiarly. Vertigo is a film that operates on emotions and negative feelings. Hitchcock’s use of â€Å"fade to black† illustrates his tendency to emphasize the film’s most emotionally meaningful moments with a touch of theatricality. This technique intensifies the otherworldliness that becomes Vertigo’s most significant quality (Sterritt 92). Vertigo has a clear association with insanity; Michel Foucault, a French social theorist, states that it â€Å"affords the delirious affirmation that the world is really ‘turning around,’† such delirium being â€Å"a necessary and sufficient reason for a disease to be called madness† (Sterritt 98). The repeated shot of Scottie’s troubled gaze into an abyss below solidifies the ingenuity and peculiarity of Vertigo (Sterritt 82). This shot provides a visual approximation of the psychological condition- extreme dizziness and disorientation- that is affecting Scottie. Hitchcock enhances the approach on point of view by providing information to the audience â€Å"through Scottie’s eyes† (Sterritt 83). Vertigo’s conclusion is unusual for its time because of its depiction of a neurotic hero, not a common feature in mainstream cinema (Sterritt 92). Alfred Hitchcock reached his artistic peak with his filming of Psycho (1960), which set a new level of acceptability for violence, deviant behavior and sexuality in American films (Flint N. P. ). The protagonist Marion Crane ends up at a secluded motel after embezzling money from her boss. She finds herself faced with the motel’s disturbed owner, Norman Bates. Hitchcock described the beginning of Psycho as a way of distracting the audience’s attention â€Å"in order to heighten the murder† (Baer N. P. ). One of the main themes in Psycho is voyeurism or the practice of spying on people engaged in intimate behaviors. Many critics feel that the film not only maintains a general sense of voyeurism, but a specific indictment of voyeurism with the audience- what Hitchcock called â€Å"Peeping Tom audiences. † Psycho manipulates the audience in supporting a thief, Marion Crane, which allows the viewers to become personally involved in the character’s guilt. Joseph Stefano, a writer for Hollywood films, states â€Å"In a more general sense, I think a fundamental essence of watching films is voyeuristic because we intrude so deeply into the characters’ lives—while sitting in the dark. It’s not necessarily sexual, although it can be, but its power to involve us with the characters is incredible† (Baer N. P. ). Alfred Hitchcock introduces a new narrative dimension in Psycho by including his personal appearance in the film; He faces away from the camera indicating his control over the film and keeping with theme of voyeurism (Sterritt 103). Hitchcock viewed his actors’ performance as the very essence of human identity; Psycho’s character Norman’s performance being the most profound of all of Hitchcock’s performances. Norman gives himself up to his character by assuming her voice, her appearance, her movements, and her thoughts. Hitchcock uniquely displays Norman’s performances with his use of window/curtain imagery. The windows and curtains indicate that the viewers are a â€Å"private audience† (Sterritt 113). By distancing the audience from the characters, Hitchcock achieves both an alienation affect and a sense of intimacy between the character and the audience (Sterritt 114). Alfred Hitchcock’s The Birds (1963) is the most radical of all his films because of its refusal to return the audience to normality (Sterritt 121). When asked what the film was about, Hitchcock replied â€Å"people’s ‘lack of concern about the fact that nature can turn on them’† (Abrash 153). The Birds takes place in Bodega Bay, California, which suddenly undergoes a series of widespread and violent bird attacks. The Birds is a follow-up to Psycho with Hitchcock attempting to go further beyond the boundaries of rationality. Not only does the film display the irrational, but it also becomes the irrational by prohibiting natural causes to bring real and fantastic elements together. With the filming of The Birds, Hitchcock violates the rules of classical cinematic storytelling in order to actualize the fears that lurk in everyone’s unconsciousness (Sterritt 121). With the lack of a conventional ending, The Birds represents Hitchcock’s ultimate gesture of despair over the power of the characters. The protagonists remain in danger, the antagonists gain even more power, and the emotional relationships of the characters are only partially resolved. The resulting visual allows the characters to work towards a better world (Sterritt 124). The film critic Robin Wood’s interpretation of The Birds was â€Å"a concrete embodiment of the arbitrary and the unpredictable [†¦] a reminder of fragility and instability that cannot be ignored or evaded and, beyond that, of the possibility that life is meaningless and absurd† (Abrash 154). In carefully balancing the ordinary and the bizarre, Alfred Hitchcock was the most noted juggler of emotions in film history. The majority of his films were meticulous creations of nightmares consisting of peril and pursuit relieved by unexpected comic ironies and absurdities. Hitchcock’s style of always stressing imagery over dialogue gave him a distinct reputation. All of these achievements allowed Alfred Hitchcock to be the recipient of the Irving G. Thalberg Memorial Award of the Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences in 1967. When asked what his approach was on filmmaking, Hitchcock responded with â€Å"some films are slices of life, mine are slices of cake† (Flint N. P. ).

What the Bible says and doesn’t say about homosexuality

I waited to enter the debate again until my heart was In the right place and free of anger towards those who disagree with my viewpoint. Now I ask you prayerfully consider these words, not Just rejecting them in favor of your personal prejudices. Search the Scriptures, casting aside all previous viewpoints and open your heart to what the Spirit of God is speaking to you. Many well meaning people build their case against homosexuality almost entirely on the Bible. They, Just as l, value the ancient text, and seek its guidance In their lives. Unfortunately, many of them have never really studied what the Bible does and isn't say about homosexuality. I was unaware until about 2 years ago that a lot of what I'd been taught about the Bible by people who love God and want to teach others the words, was derived from an improper understanding of context, history, and also literalism, which was seen as heresy even going back to Origin and Popularly, early church fathers who were students of A postle John. When I searched further, I came to see the Bible as more.I saw Its many cultures, religions and spiritualistic, but more importantly, I saw people who were trying with their limited understanding of the universe, nature, biology, and overall knowledge, to make sense of a world, and a God, they didn't understand. The Bible has a powerful message for all regardless of gender, sexual orientation, personal philosophy or spiritual practice. But it's a message of love and acceptance, not condemnation and, hate, and fear. Don't take my word for It, though.I ask only that you'd consider what careful research. Prayer, and meditation has taught me about the passages used by some people to condemn God's children simply because of a biological factor like attraction. Premise 1: The rampant epidemic of biblical illiteracy in this country A recent study quoted by DRP. Peter Gomes in The Good Book found that 38 percent of Americans polled were certain the Old Testament was written a f ew years after Jesus' death. Ten percent believed Joan of Arc was Nosh's wife.Many even thought the epistles were the wives of the apostles. A few key points Jesus says nothing about same-sex behavior. The Jewish prophets are silent about homosexuality. Only six or seven of the Bible's one million verses refer to same-sex behavior in any way ? and none of these verses refer to homosexual orientation as It's understood today. Premise 2: Historically, people's misinterpretation of the Bible has left a trail of suffering, bloodshed, and death.Over the centuries, people, well meaning or otherwise, who misunderstood or misinterpreted the Bible have done terrible things. The Bible has been twisted to defend bloody crusades and tragic inquisitions; to support slavery, apartheid, and segregation; to persecute Jews and other non- Christian people of faith; to support Hitter's Third Reich and the Holocaust; to oppose medical science; to condemn Interracial marriage; to execute women as witche s; and Scripture for his purpose. Looking at recent history, within the past 60 years, countless LIGHT people, all of them children of God, were murdered, assaulted, abused, arrested, rejected, ostracizes, fired from Jobs, had their children taken away, and denied basic civil rights because of six or seven verses, most of them taken grossly out of context. Most of the people I know who say â€Å"the Bible condemns homosexuality' would never condone these acts. Most Christians have no idea that the people killing gay and lesbian persons go around quoting those few verses of Scripture as Justification.But it's important to hear these stories, because I'm not writing this little pamphlet as a scholarly exercise. It's a matter of life and death. I'm pleading on the side of love. Premise 3: We must be open to new truth from Scripture God is constantly speaking. What was once adamantly declared as truth in one age is now regarded with ignorance in another. SST. Peter was commanded to kil l and eat animals he once regarded as unclean to show that the old covenant dietary laws had been lifted. SST.Paul, who once killed those who claimed the name of Jesus, in a matter of hours loved the God-Man whom he once despised as a false prophet. Even Jerry Falafel, a bastion of evangelical and fundamentalist Christianity, believed the Bible supported segregation in the church until a black shoeshine man asked him, â€Å"When will someone like me be allowed to become a member of your congregation? † I ask you to look again, with careful prayer, study, and meditation, this issue of sexual orientation. Don't Just accept mindlessly the words of a pastor or priest, but as SST.Paul said in 1st Thessalonians, â€Å"†Test all things and hold fast to that which is good. † We must look at all verses within two frameworks Galatians 5:22-23 â€Å"But the fruit of the Spirit is love, Joy, peace, patience, kindness, generosity, gentleness, faithfulness, and self control. There is no law against such things. † Philippians 4:8 â€Å"Finally, beloved, whatever is true, whatever is honorable, whatever is Just, whatever is pure, whatever is pleasing, whatever is commendable, if there is any excellence and if there is anything worthy of praise, think upon these things.Even if we believe the Bible is â€Å"infallible† or â€Å"without error,† it's dangerous to think that our understanding of every biblical text is also without error. We are human. We are fallible. And we can misunderstand and misinterpret these ancient words often with devastating results. Premise 4: The Bible is a book about God, not human sexuality The Bible is about God's love for his children and all of his creation. It's a story of God who is healing, renewing, empowering, and loving us, his sons and daughters, so we can follow God's example with others.

Ethical analysis Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Ethical analysis - Essay Example The treating physician has to maximize the benefits and decrease the harm for his/her patient .However, there are times when the physician, the patient and/or patient`s family might find it difficult to proceed; due to the fact that harm and benefit are not in a balance. In the case of J.R., the patient was complaining of leg pain for which he sought medical consultation. Further, the medical consultation resulted in a recommendation for a bone biopsy; a biopsy which showed bone cancer. The physician decided to start the treatment immediately. The treatment was chemotherapy with a chance of leg amputation. But it was not clear what was the probability of amputation. Considering the medical situation, a decision to disclose the information regarding the treatment plan with a chance of leg amputation will result in a psychological harm to the patient. The harm is that the patient knows the diagnosis before the graduation. Another harm would be expected when the patient gains an access to his lab results and knows the diagnosis by himself. This will prevent the patient from enjoying the graduation. The physician is facing a challenge to his duty in truth telling. This quadrant is derived directly from the ethical principle of respect for patient autonomy. Furthermore, this deals with what the patient prefers if he is competent and his presumed wishes if he is not competent. J.R. is a competent adult. This is clear when the treating physician had obtained J.R permission to speak to his parents after the surgery.This suggest that the physician had assessed the capability of J.R and realized that the patient has the right for confidentiality and to choose whom to share the medical information with. What is the preference of this capable adult? This is unknown with regards to this particular case; however, it is related that the mother`s preference is to let her son fully enjoy the graduation which will not be possible if

CM115 Week 1 Seminar Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

CM115 Week 1 Seminar - Essay Example At times, people are unable to communicate while under stress, and it may affect personal and interpersonal relationships. For that reason, the study will help me gain on knowledge about communication in stressful situations. Effective communication is an inherent skill that the study of communication fosters. The study of communication is essential for several reasons. Despite our best attempts, people can understand what we communicate differently, depending on their translation. For that reason, the study will help reduce conflicts, frustrations, and misunderstandings experienced in the communication process. Secondly, it enhances clear and effective communication, and this improves communication skills, which fosters respect and builds trust. Thirdly, the study goes further than just the use of words, but also equips a person with a set of skills that integrates the emotional aspects and nonverbal forms of communication. Lastly, it improves cooperation, decision-making, and problem solving, and equips one with the necessary skills to communicate even difficult messages in an efficient manner that does not create conflict (O’Toole, 2008). In the main, it enables one to read their audience and understand the best method to present

NATURAL SELECTION AND ECOLOGY Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

NATURAL SELECTION AND ECOLOGY - Research Paper Example Other major characteristics of marine wetland are that they vary with strength of tidal, wave of water that affects the water levels. They also vary with the capacity of halophytes caused by the current effect of salt tolerant plants. Variably, sub tidal marine sections along the water bodies are exposed in a periodical manner as evident in most instances. Variably, shoreline and beaches are landforms that are found along the coastal side of a water body that include ocean, sea, lake or rivers. In Mexico, beaches normally consist of loose particles that are generated through biological means mostly. The particles comprises of mollusk shells or coralline algae. They are composed of rocks that include sand, gravel, shingle etc. As noted by Pallardy (2014), beaches and shorelines are found in most instances along the coastline. Strong wave and current action deposits including rework sediments characterize them. Most beaches have various infrastructural set ups that are used to support human activities such as lifeguard posts, changing rooms including showers. They also have hospitality sections or sections such as resorts, hotels where visiting persons have some rest. As noted, nearshore benthic habitats are species that inhabits at the ocean floor in diverse settings. The communities or species are influenced by the physical disturbances within the structure and functional system in marine ecosystem. Conditions of environment within the marine near shore areas differ greatly depending of the physical disturbance. They are characterized by various physical disturbances that in turn affect the coexistence of plants and animals. The key disturbances affecting the environmental conditions in the regions include ice and oil as evident along the water body in Mexico. In particular, the spill of oil in the Mexican sea has led to the pollution of

The Sadhu case Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

The Sadhu case - Essay Example Eventually, the Sadhu gained the energy to walk by himself. The theories include moral relativism, categorical imperative, utilitarian, ethical egoism, and divine command (Jennings 13). In moral relativism, one assesses the prevailing situation and resolves to take an action that will be justified by the pressure of the moment. All the groups and individuals abandoned the Sadhu after giving him all the necessary assistance and realizing that he would move on his own. They had to move before the road was cleared by melting snow. Their need to get back their way before they could lose it justified their actions to abandon the Sadhu. The theory of categorical imperative was also evident among all the groups and individuals. They all helped the Sadhu even when they could not benefit anything from their actions. However, they were influenced by the fact that they expected to be treated in a similar manner should they find themselves in a needy situation like that of the Sadhu. According to the theory of utilitarian, people should chose make a decision with maximum benefits and minimum harms when resolving ethical dilemmas. One of the New Zealanders identified the body of the Sadhu and did his best to take him down the mountain before he met McCoy. He dumped the body of the Sadhu before McCoy and resumed back to climbing the mountain with his friends (Jennings 6). That was the best he could do because he was supposed to cross the pass before sun could melt the ice. Ethical egoism is evident when Pasang refused to allow the porters to carry the Sadhu because they would not have enough energy to cross the pass after carrying the Sadhu to the hut. Pasang heavily relied on the porters to carry his luggage. The divine command theory is based on the idea that ethics is defined by religious beliefs. Stephen was a staunch Christians who believed in putting the interests of others before his own interests. He managed to assists the Sadhu even though he

Cross-Cultural Issues in International Business.The Audi organization Essay

Cross-Cultural Issues in International Business.The Audi organization - Essay Example Finally, the paper will propose a solution that details the management style, structure and reporting methods that will provide a solution to the issues identified. The Establishing organization will have to work routinely with the new culture and background of the established company in China. Usually this relationship works well since the differences in culture are enriching and interesting. However, things may go wrong in some cases for reasons that may not be understood by the organization’s management. This is the reason why mastery of cultural differences is important, in order to work more effectively with people, and avoid misunderstandings (Ray, 2010). The Seven Dimensions of Culture is very essential in enhancing the mastery of cultural differences when effectively applied. The model was identified by Trompenaars Fons and Hampden Charles, management consultants, who published it in their book, "Riding the Waves of Culture." The founders found out that majority of peo ple coming from different cultures do not just randomly differ from each other; but they are different in very unpredictable and even specific ways. This is due to the fact that every culture has its own way of thinking, its own beliefs and values. Different cultures also place different preferences on different varying factors. Trompenaars Fons and Hampden Charles concluded that wherever these preferences fall is what makes the differences in culture compared to one another as described on each of the seven dimensions of culture. These cultural dimensions include: universalism versus particularism, specific versus diffuse, individualism versus communitarianism, neutral versus emotional, sequential time versus synchronous time, achievement versus ascription, and internal direction versus outer direction (Schneider and Barsoux, 2003). The organization in Europe that wishes to establish an organization in the Far East can use this model to understand and master people from this region , who practice a totally different culture. This will enable the Audi Car Company to avoid misunderstandings with the people and enjoy a good working relationship. This is very significant when the company will be doing business with different people around the region who have different cultural background. Hence, it will ease the management of the diverse groups of people from different cultures. The Seven Dimensions of Culture will also help the management of the organization to understand that there is no particular culture that is worse or better than the other; this is because of the assertion of the model, that people coming from different cultural backgrounds are not necessarily different, but simply make differing choices. In contrary, the Seven Dimensions of Culture does not explain how the management can measure the preferences of people on the seven dimensions (Hampden and Trompenaars, 2000). Therefore, it will be in the best interest of the establishing company to simply use the Seven Dimensions of Culture as a general guide when dealing with the people coming from different cultural backgrounds. The model will enable the organization to explore the strategies that can be used among people fitting the highlighted characteristics of each of the dimensions as described below: The seven dimensions of culture The first cultural dimension is universalism and particularism; according to the model, universalism is characterized by people who place much emphasis on rules, obligations, laws, and values. These people attempt

Exposit both Sartre's account of freedom and Kant's. Which of the two Essay

Exposit both Sartre's account of freedom and Kant's. Which of the two is the most cogent (compelling or convincing) or is th - Essay Example Nevertheless, looking at the universal aspects of morality and rationality, Kantian â€Å"freedom† is more cogent to get it and further put in action. First off, the existentialistic ideas proposed by Sartre follow the idea of absurd and determinism. To be precise, Sartre is likely to suggest a free will when he talks on freedom able to override people’s rationality (Palmer 283). In other words, he pinpoints that a man is allowed to do what he/she wants to notwithstanding possible negative outcomes after possessing such a freedom. Obviously, Sartre highlights the concept of freedom in keeping with the best tradition of the existentialism. As opposed to Kant’s interpretation, Sartre underpins the idea of freedom by the idea of values people get thereafter: â€Å"Sartre has radicalized Kant’s view that the source of value is always the human being, and he has prioritized freedom over rationality† (Palmer 292). Henceforth, Sartre does not rely on the o mnipotence and power of reason. Regardless of it, he shows up the pleasure of freedom as if behind the social life. In turn, Kant would oppose this characterization by giving more grounds to freedom which is a result of a man’s rationality. Immanuel Kant worked out his own vision of the moral philosophy when highlighting the need for freedom. However, he suggests lots of arguments to make his vision out. Thereupon, Kant outlines the meaning of autonomy going hand in hand with what he claims to be freedom. Although Sartre is likely to denote the authorship of a man in what he/she does, Kant is driven by giving some contrast to justify morality and freedom. Thus, he points out morality as a contradiction between duty and inclination and freedom as a controversy between autonomy and heteronomy (Sandel 117). The latter is an opposition to being autonomous, as might be seen. In this vein, Kantian philosophy states that freedom and justice go hand in hand. That is, a person subject to the law is one to accept freedom in its core values. Ostensibly, such evaluation of freedom goes apart with Sartre’s understanding thereof. In fact, Kant’s philosophic treatment of people’s actions can be simply narrowed down to his well-known categorical imperative which is all about mutuality in actions people commit toward one another. Kant’s claims are possible through his close attention to living within the society and complying with the rules and norms of social life. His moral position touches upon the â€Å"intelligible† realm when he remarks: â€Å"†¦we transfer ourselves into the intelligible world as members and recognize the autonomy of the will together with its consequence - morality† (Sandel 128). Membership comes first as a prerequisite of sharing similar ideals and values between individuals. Societal constraints like the law and its execution serve to strike a balance within the society leading toward freedom. In the European tradition, it is all about the democracy as a weighed sum of people’s wants and needs so that to make all of them free and autonomous as well. When Sartre is quite straight-forward paying much attention to the freedom of action despite of the legal limits shared within the society, Kant just traces back to the basic rules of a civilized social life so that to construct the most applicable and unrepugnant concept of freedom. The difference is that Kant is more obliged to the norms of the society seeing a human being as a biosocial creature equally dependant on the natural